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Q1-2025 Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmarks

The U.S. Department of Energy’s solar office and its national laboratory partners analyze cost data for U.S. solar photovoltaic systems to develop cost benchmarks to measure progress toward goals and guide research and development programs. The cost data is available in an Excel...

Basore, P. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Dec 22, 2025
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Levelized Cost of Charging Electric Vehicles

This data set includes the levelized cost of charging (LCOC) and lifetime fuel cost savings (LFCS) values as reported in "Levelized Cost of Charging of Electric Vehicles in the United States." Values are reported at the state and national levels for battery electric vehicles (BEVs...

Borlaug, B. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Sep 18, 2020
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DEPRECATED: Levelized Cost of Charging Electric Vehicles

DEPRECATED: SEE https://data.nlr.gov/submissions/150 FOR CORRECTED DATA. This data set includes the levelized cost of charging (LCOC) and lifetime fuel cost savings (LFCS) values as reported in "Levelized Cost of Charging of Electric Vehicles in the United States." Values are...

Borlaug, B. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jun 12, 2020
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Q1-2024 Solar Cost Benchmarks

Each year, the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) and its national laboratory partners develop cost benchmarks for U.S. solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. These benchmarks track progress toward reducing solar costs and guide R&D prioritie...

Basore, P. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Dec 10, 2025
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Q1 2023 U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage Cost Benchmarks With Minimum Sustainable Price Analysis Data File

The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) aims to accelerate the advancement and deployment of solar technology in support of an equitable transition to a decarbonized economy no later than 2050, starting with a decarbonized power sector by 20...

Ramasamy, V. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Sep 25, 2023
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Data Files for “The 2030 National Charging Network: Estimating U.S. Light-Duty Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure"

This data set includes modeling results from “The 2030 National Charging Network: Estimating U.S. Light-Duty Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” including region-specific [i.e., national, state, and core-based statistical area (CBSA)—cities/towns] electric v...

Wood, E. and Borlaug, B. National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Apr 26, 2023
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U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage Cost Benchmarks: Q1 2021

NREL has been modeling U.S. solar photovoltaic (PV) system costs since 2009. This year, our report benchmarks costs of U.S. PV for residential, commercial, and utility-scale systems, with and without storage, built in the first quarter of 2021 (Q1 2021). The methodology includes b...

Ramasamy, V. and Feldman, D. National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Nov 08, 2021
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2020 Annual Technology Baseline (ATB) Cost and Performance Data for Transportation Technologies

The 2020 Transportation Annual Technology Baseline (ATB) provides detailed cost and performance data, estimates, and assumptions for vehicle and fuel technologies in the United States. The Transportation ATB includes current and projected estimates through 2050 for light-duty vehi...

Jadun, P. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Aug 22, 2020
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2020 Annual Technology Baseline (ATB) Cost and Performance Data for Electricity Generation Technologies

Starting in 2015 NREL has presented the Annual Technology Baseline (ATB) in an Excel workbook that contains detailed cost and performance data, both current and projected, for renewable and conventional technologies. The workbook includes a spreadsheet for each technology. This up...

Akar, S. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jul 28, 2020
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2019 Annual Technology Baseline ATB Cost and Performance Data for Electricity Generation Technologies

Starting in 2015 NREL has presented the Annual Technology Baseline ATB in an Excel workbook that contains detailed cost and performance data both current and projected for renewable and conventional technologies. The workbook includes a spreadsheet for each technology. This update...

Vimmerstedt, L. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jul 23, 2019
6 Resources
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Microgrid Load and LCOE Modelling Results

These tools are designed to inform high level thinking around micro-grid load and tariff considerations in sub-Saharan Africa. There are two related tools in this dataset: 1. Microgrid REopt LCOE Results Explorer. The purpose of this tool is to display levelized cost of electri...

Li, X. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jan 04, 2018
2 Resources
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IPC 2025 Infrastructure Sensor and Connected Vehicle Dataset

SummaryThis dataset was produced by the Infrastructure Perception and Control (IPC) research team using the equipment and tools available under the IPC Lab. The data was collected across two dates in 2025 and contains processed roadside traffic sensor detections (Radar, Lidar, Cam...

Sandhu, R. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Feb 27, 2026
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Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Federal, State, and Municipal Electric Vehicle Fleets in the United States

Federal, state, and municipal electric vehicle fleet hourly load datasets at the Uber H3 hex, county, and city resolutions, as described in Singer et al. (2025).Please cite as:Singer, Mark, Cabell Hodge, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for F...

Singer, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jan 16, 2025
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Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Electric Port Cargo Handling Equipment in the United States

Electric port cargo handling equipment (eCHE) hourly load datasets for the top 25 U.S. cargo airports (by tonnage), as described in Polemis et al. (2025).Please cite as:Polemis, Katerina, Andrew Kotz, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Elec...

Polemis, K. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

May 12, 2025
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Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Electric Transit Bus Depots in the United States

Hourly one-week electricity demand profiles for electric transit bus depots in the United States, as described in Liu et al. (2025).Please cite as:Liu, Bo, Tim Jonas, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Electric Transit Bus Depots in the Uni...

Liu, B. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

May 12, 2025
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Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Electric Airport Ground Support Equipment in the United States

Electric airport ground support equipment (eGSE) hourly annual (8760) load datasets for the top 50 U.S. airports (by enplanements), as described in Liu et al. (2025).Please cite as:Liu, Bo, Kevin Robby, Jayaraj Rane, Adway Das, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Lo...

Liu, B. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jan 17, 2025
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Battery Inverter Experimental Data

The increase in power electronic based generation sources require accurate modeling of inverters. Accurate modeling requires experimental data over wider operation range. We used 30 kW off-the-shelf grid following battery inverter in the experiments. We used controllable AC supply...

Prabakar, K. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jan 06, 2023
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Life Cycle Emissions Factors for Electricity Generation Technologies

This dataset consists of a table containing the distribution of literature estimates of greenhouse gas emissions for the following electricity generation and storage technologies: biopower, coal, concentrating solar power, geothermal, hydrogen storage, hydropower, lithium-ion batt...

Nicholson, S. and Heath, G. National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Aug 23, 2021
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Maximum demand charge rates for commercial and industrial electricity tariffs in the United States

NREL has assembled a list of U.S. retail electricity tariffs and their associated demand charge rates for the Commercial and Industrial sectors. The data was obtained from the Utility Rate Database. Keep the following information in mind when interpreting the data: (1) These data ...

McLaren, J. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Sep 19, 2017
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Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Variables Matrices

The Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Variables Matrices provide insights related to measured, monitored, reported and verified (MMRV) components (variables) across a BiCRS value chain. Suggested variable values and components to be measured with literature references...

Harman-Ware, A. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Dec 18, 2025
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NLR HPC Kestrel Jobs Data

Overview: Anonymized job-level records from the Kestrel HPC system at the National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR). Each record represents a Slurm batch job with scheduling metadata, resource requests, utilization, energy estimates, and efficiency metrics. Sensitive fields (user, ...

Clark, S. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Mar 17, 2026
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Results from "Charging Needs for Electric Semi-Trailer Trucks"

This data set includes modeling results from “Charging Needs for Electric Semi-Trailer Trucks” including charging demand distributions and charging speed requirements for the multiple scenarios and semi-trailer truck operating segments described in the study. Please cite as:&n...

Borlaug, B. National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Oct 10, 2022
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Low-Income Communities Bonus Credit Program Layers (Update 2026)

These geospatial data resources and the linked mapping tool below reflect data available as of January 2026 on three categories of potentially qualifying Low-Income communities: Census tracts that meet the CDFI's New Market Tax Credit Program's threshold for Low Income, there...

Ferrall-Wolf, I. United States Department of Energy

Oct 10, 2023
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Behind-the-Meter Storage Policy Stack

A variety of studies and disparate data sets track state energy storage policies, but these datasets do not cover all BTM-related storage policy. Moreover, these databases do not align policies with the policy stacking framework. Thus, it is unclear which BTM storage policies are ...

Cook, J. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Aug 09, 2022
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Public Reference Data for Megawatt-Scale Hydrogen Electrolysis NLR Historical Wind

The U.S. Department of Energy and the National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR) demonstrate hydrogen electrolysis from variable sources, hydrogen compression and storage, and hydrogen fuel cell power production using megawatt-scale equipment at NLR’s Flatirons Campus as par...

Abel, R. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Mar 23, 2026
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