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Utility-Scale Solar, 2025 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory compiled and synthesized empirical data on the U.S. utility-scale solar sector. Utility-scale solar is defined here to include ground-mounted systems larger than 5MW-AC. Smaller projects are covered in Berkeley Lab's separate U.S. Distributed ...

Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab

Sep 25, 2025
6 Resources
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U.S. PV-Suitable Rooftop Resources

This dataset contains zipcode resolution estimates of suitable area on small (1,000-5,000 m^2), medium (5,000-10,000 m^2) and large (>10,000 m^2) buildings' rooftops for PV deployment.

Phillips and MeliusNational Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jun 10, 2016
7 Resources
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Conway St Apartments Olive Street Development

This dataset describes a a viable approach to zero net energy (or "zero energy ready") in small, multifamily buildings-either for new construction or major rehabilitation. In Greenfield, Massachusetts, Olive Street Development transformed an old elementary school building into 12 ...

Aldrich, R. and Williamson, J. Steven Winter Associates of the Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings

Apr 27, 2016
2 Resources
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Typical Solar Years (TSYs) and Typical Wind Years (TWYs) for the Assessment of PV System and Wind Turbine Performance

This dataset comprises Typical Solar Years (TSYs) and Typical Wind Years (TWYs) for the efficient assessment of PV system and wind turbine performance for over 2,000 locations across the U.S. TSYs and TWYs are single synthetic years generated from the National Aeronautics and Spac...

Zeng, Z. et al Argonne National Laboratory

Jul 14, 2024
7 Resources
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Solar Energy: Bans or Moratoriums (2022)

This dataset identifies counties and municipalities that had a solar energy ban or moratorium as of April 2022. A TIF data file and a PNG map of the data are provided, showing areas where solar energy bans or moratoriums exist across the contiguous United States. For further deta...

Geospatial Data Science, N. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Jan 01, 2024
5 Resources
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U.S. Solar Siting Regulation and Zoning Ordinances (2022)

A machine readable collection of documented solar siting ordinances at the state and local (e.g., county, township) level throughout the United States. The data were compiled based on a locality-by-locality review zoning ordinances after completing an initial review of scholarly l...

Lopez, A. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jun 30, 2022
4 Resources
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Modeled Performance of the Hathaway Solar Patriot house Washington D.C

This Dataset contains field research raw data, analysis spreadsheet, photos, and final report from the Hathaway Solar Patriot House Building America Case Study project. This dataset details the monitored and modeled performance of a solar home outside of Washington, D.C. We model...

Norton, P. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jun 20, 2016
5 Resources
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Split Phase Inverter Data

The increase in power electronic based generation sources require accurate modeling of inverters. Accurate modeling requires experimental data over wider operation range. We used 8.35 kW off-the-shelf grid following split phase PV inverter in the experiments. We used controllable ...

Prabakar. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Mar 23, 2023
2 Resources
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United State Utility-Scale Solar PV Representative Profiles 1998-2023

This data packet contains hourly generation profiles (representative profiles) for utility-scale PV across the contiguous United States. Hourly representative generation profiles are available for each reV supply curve site (~60,000 sites) which represents about 11.5 KM x 11.5 KM ...

Geospatial Data Science, N. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Jun 14, 2025
29 Resources
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County-Level Hourly Renewable Capacity Factor Dataset for the ReEDS Model

This dataset contains hourly capacity factors for each renewable resource class and region (in this case, county). Technologies like large-scale utility PV (UPV), onshore wind, offshore wind, and concentrating solar power (CSP) are included. The dataset contains 7 years of hourly ...

Cole, W. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Aug 01, 2023
5 Resources
2 Stars
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NREL U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark Q1 2017 Report

Excel data file for the U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark Q1 2017 Report

Fu. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Aug 23, 2017
1 Resources
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NREL U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark Q1 2016 Report

Excel data file for the U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark Q1 2016 Report

Fu. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Sep 16, 2016
1 Resources
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Greenbuilt Construction Energy Efficiency Retrofit House Demonstration Sacramento

One of the homes that was part of Sacramento Municipal Utility District's (SMUD) Energy Efficiency Retrofit Demonstration (EERD) project was a 1980's era home in Fair Oaks, California, referred to as the Greenbuilt house, as Greenbuilt Construction completed the retrofit of the h...

Sparn, B. et al Mountain Energy Partnership

Aug 27, 2018
8 Resources
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Q1 2023 U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage Cost Benchmarks With Minimum Sustainable Price Analysis Data File

The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) aims to accelerate the advancement and deployment of solar technology in support of an equitable transition to a decarbonized economy no later than 2050, starting with a decarbonized power sector by 20...

Ramasamy. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Sep 25, 2023
4 Resources
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Metering Best Practices Applied in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Research Support Facility: A Primer to the 2011 Measured and Modeled Energy Consumption Datasets

Modern buildings are complex energy systems that must be controlled for energy efficiency. The Research Support Facility (RSF) at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has hundreds of controllers computers that communicate with the building's various control systems to...

Sheppy. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Mar 25, 2016
4 Resources
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dGen (Distributed Generation Market Demand) Model Data: Version 1.0.0 Agents

Open sourced agent files needed to run version 1.0.0 of the dGen model. Contains all national, ISO, and state level residential and commercial agents.

Stanley. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Aug 10, 2021
1 Resources
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Q1-2025 Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmarks

The U.S. Department of Energy’s solar office and its national laboratory partners analyze cost data for U.S. solar photovoltaic systems to develop cost benchmarks to measure progress toward goals and guide research and development programs. The cost data is available in an Excel...

Basore. . et al National Laboratory of the Rockies

Dec 22, 2025
7 Resources
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Community Solar Resource Database

NREL has updated a database of publicly available resources related to community solar in the U.S., including journal articles, reports, fact sheets, slides, videos, datasets, webinars, and other formats. This effort aims to compile resources that would benefit all partners intere...

Burton and XuNational Renewable Energy Laboratory

Oct 27, 2022
1 Resources
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Achieving Challenge Home in Affordable Housing in the Hot Humid Climate

The Building America Partnership for Improved Residential Construction (BA-PIRC), one of the Building America research team leads, has partnered with two builders as they work through the Challenge Home certification process in one test home each. The builder partners participatin...

Beal, D. et al University of Central Florida Florida Solar Energy Center

Apr 27, 2016
9 Resources
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U.S. Solar Siting Regulation and Zoning Ordinances (2025)

A machine readable collection of documented solar siting ordinances at the state and local (e.g., county, township) level throughout the United States. The data were compiled using the Infrastructure Continuous Ordinance Mapping for Planning and Siting Systems (INFRA-COMPASS) tool...

Castelão, G. et al National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR)

Dec 30, 2025
5 Resources
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Operational Water Consumption and Withdrawal Factors for Electricity Generating Technologies

This dataset provides estimates of operational water withdrawal and water consumption factors for electricity generating technologies in the United States. Estimates of water factors were collected from published primary literature and were not modified except for unit conversions...

Macknick, J. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Nov 25, 2014
3 Resources
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DEPRECATED State Policies and Programs for Community Solar (2024 Q2 Update)

This data set is no longer current – The most current data and all historical data sets can be found at https://data.nlr.gov/submissions/249 The purpose of this dataset is to summarize current community solar policies and low-income stipulations by the state in the United S...

Xu. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Apr 03, 2024
1 Resources
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2017 Annual Technology Baseline (ATB): Cost and Performance Data for Electricity Generation Technologies

Each year since 2015, NREL has presented Annual Technology Baseline (ATB) in a spreadsheet that contains detailed cost and performance data (both current and projected) for renewable and conventional technologies. The spreadsheet includes a workbook for each technology. This sprea...

Hand. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Aug 21, 2017
1 Resources
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2018 Annual Technology Baseline ATB Cost and Performance Data for Electricity Generation Technologies Interim Data Without Geothermal Updates

Each year since 2015 NREL has presented Annual Technology Baseline ATB in a workbook that contains detailed cost and performance data both current and projected for renewable and conventional technologies. The workbook includes a spreadsheet for each technology. This workbook prov...

Augustine. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jun 29, 2018
1 Resources
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2016 Annual Technology Baseline

Current and future cost and performance data for electricity generating technologies, including both renewable and conventional technologies.