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U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage Cost Benchmarks: Q1 2021

NREL has been modeling U.S. solar photovoltaic (PV) system costs since 2009. This year, our report benchmarks costs of U.S. PV for residential, commercial, and utility-scale systems, with and without storage, built in the first quarter of 2021 (Q1 2021). The methodology includes b...
Ramasamy and FeldmanNational Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 08, 2021
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

U.S. Solar Photovoltaic BESS System Cost Benchmark Q1 2020 Report

NREL has been modeling U.S. solar photovoltaic (PV) system costs since 2009. This year, our report benchmarks costs of U.S. PV for residential, commercial, and utility-scale systems, with and without storage, built in the first quarter of 2020 (Q1 2020). The methodology includes b...
Feldman. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jan 26, 2021
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Utility-Scale Solar, 2023 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Berkeley Labs "Utility-Scale Solar", 2023 Edition presents analysis of empirical plant-level data from the U.S. fleet of ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV), PV+battery, and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants with capacities exceeding 5 MWAC. While focused on key developm...
Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Sep 05, 2023
5 Resources
1 Stars
Publicly accessible

Utility-Scale Solar, 2024 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Berkeley Labs "Utility-Scale Solar", 2024 Edition presents analysis of empirical plant-level data from the U.S. fleet of ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV), PV+battery, and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants with capacities exceeding 5 MWAC. While focused on key developm...
Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Sep 27, 2024
5 Resources
1 Stars
Publicly accessible

Utility-Scale Solar, 2022 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Berkeley Labs "Utility-Scale Solar", 2022 Edition presents analysis of empirical plant-level data from the U.S. fleet of ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV), PV+battery, and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants with capacities exceeding 5 MWAC. While focused on key developm...
Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Sep 20, 2022
4 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

United States Utility-Scale PV Supply Curves 2024

This data packet contains supply curves, hourly generation profiles, and a composite siting exclusion TIFF for utility-scale PV across the contiguous United States. The supply curves offer comprehensive metrics such as capacity (MW), generation (MWh), levelized cost of energy (LCO...
Geospatial Data Science, N. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jan 01, 2025
12 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

United States Utility-Scale PV Supply Curves 2023

This data packet contains supply curves, hourly generation profiles, and a composite siting exclusion TIFF for utility-scale PV across the contiguous United States. The supply curves offer comprehensive metrics such as capacity (MW), generation (MWh), levelized cost of energy (LCO...
GDS, N. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jun 30, 2023
13 Resources
1 Stars
Publicly accessible

Dataset for Evaluation of Extreme Weather Impacts on Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plant Performance in the United States

This dataset is a fusion of three data types (operations and maintenance tickets, weather data, and production data) that was used to support machine learning analysis and evaluation of drivers for low performance at photovoltaic (PV) sites during compound, extreme weather events....
Gunda, T. and Jackson, N. Sandia National Laboratories
Apr 01, 2021
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Utility-Scale Solar, 2025 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory compiled and synthesized empirical data on the U.S. utility-scale solar sector. Utility-scale solar is defined here to include ground-mounted systems larger than 5MW-AC. Smaller projects are covered in Berkeley Lab's separate U.S. Distributed ...
Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Sep 25, 2025
6 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark Q1 2018

NREL has been modeling U.S. photovoltaic PV system costs since 2009. The U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System CostBenchmark Q1 2018 report benchmarks costs of U.S. solar PV for residential commercial and utility-scale systems built in the first quarter of 2018 Q1 2018. THE methodology i...
Fu. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Mar 15, 2019
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Photovoltaic System Pricing Trends: Historical, Recent, and Near-Term Projections 2015 Edition

This is the fourth edition in an annual briefing prepared jointly by LBNL and NREL intended to provide a high-level overview of historical, recent, and projected near-term PV system pricing trends in the United States. The briefing draws on several ongoing research activities at t...
Feldman. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
May 12, 2016
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Dataset for Evaluating the Impact of Wildfire Smoke on Solar Photovoltaic Production

This dataset was used to support machine learning model development for wildfire impacts on utility-scale solar in the United States. The dataset includes information regarding energy generation, PM2.5, clearness index, temperature, wind speed, precipitation, and site size.
Gilletly, S. et al Sandia National Laboratories
May 15, 2023
3 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Solar-to-Grid Public Data File for Utility-scale (UPV) and Distributed Photovoltaics (DPV) Generation, Capacity Credit, and Value

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) estimates hourly project-level generation data for utility-scale solar projects and hourly county-level generation data for residential and non-residential distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems in the seven organized wholesale m...
Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Sep 30, 2020
5 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Solar-to-Grid Public Data File for Utility-scale (UPV) and Distributed Photovoltaics (DPV) Generation, Capacity Credit, and Value for 2012-2020

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) estimates hourly project-level generation data for utility-scale solar projects and hourly county-level generation data for residential and non-residential distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems in the seven organized wholesale m...
Seel, J. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Oct 01, 2021
4 Resources
1 Stars
Publicly accessible

Land of Opportunity: Geothermal, Land-based Wind, and Solar PV Potential on Federal Lands

This data packet contains supply curves and a composite siting exclusion TIFF for geothermal, land-based wind, and solar PV across the contiguous United States with specific consideration on federal lands. The supply curves offer comprehensive metrics such as capacity (MW) for eac...
Geospatial, N. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jan 01, 2025
28 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Solar Permitting, Inspection, and Interconnection Cycletimes and Requirements

Twenty three small-to-large residential, commercial, and industrial PV installers submitted project-level data for analysis, which included timestamps for major components of the permitting, inspection, and interconnection process as well as contract and installation dates. NREL c...
Cook. . et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Mar 31, 2021
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

United State Utility-Scale Solar PV Representative Profiles 1998-2023

This data packet contains hourly generation profiles (representative profiles) for utility-scale PV across the contiguous United States. Hourly representative generation profiles are available for each reV supply curve site (~60,000 sites) which represents about 11.5 KM x 11.5 KM ...
Geospatial Data Science, N. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Jun 14, 2025
29 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

StingRAY System and LCOE Content Models

DOE System and LCOE (levelized costs of energy) Content Models completed for a utility-scale Stingray WEC.
Rhinefrank, K. Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.
Mar 06, 2017
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

DEPRECATED. SEE UPDATE LINK BELOW. Distribution System Upgrade Unit Cost Database

REVISED 1/2/2019. SEE UPDATE LINK BELOW. This database contains unit cost information for different components that may be used to integrate distributed photovotaic D-PV systems onto distribution systems. Some of these upgrades and costs may also apply to integration of other dis...
HorowitzNational Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 20, 2017
3 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Analysis of Pre-Retrofit Building and Utility Data Southeast United States

This project delves into the workflow and results of regression models on monthly and daily utility data (meter readings of electricity consumption), outlining a process for screening and gathering useful results from inverse models. Energy modeling predictions created in Building...
Beach, R. and Prahl, D. Ibacos Innovation
Apr 27, 2016
12 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Photovoltaic Data Acquisition (PVDAQ) Public Datasets

The NREL PVDAQ is a large-scale time-series database containing system metadata and performance data from a variety of experimental PV sites and commercial public PV sites. The datasets are used to perform on-going performance and degradation analysis. Some of the sets can exhibit...
Deline, C. et al NREL
Dec 21, 2021
8 Resources
2 Stars
Publicly accessible

2019 Distribution System Upgrade Unit Cost Database Current Version

IMPORTANT NOTE: This is the current version of NREL's Distribution System Unit cost Database and should be considered the most up-to-date. Compared to the previous version (https//data.nrel.gov/submissions/77) this database has additional data points and has been modified for impr...
HorowitzNational Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jan 02, 2019
3 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Hourly Electricity Demand Profiles for Each County in the Contiguous United States

This dataset provides estimated hourly electricity demand for each county in the contiguous United States from 2016-2023. The demand profiles represent the sum of two components: (1) Weighted averages of reported hourly demand profiles for North American Electric Reliability Corpo...
Obika, K. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 05, 2025
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

PR100: Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transition to 100% Renewable Energy

The Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100) comprehensively analyzes possible pathways for Puerto Rico to achieve its renewable energy goals while incorporating stakeholder perspectives and advancing energy resilience for all Puerto Rican...
Sky, H. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Jul 01, 2022
17 Resources
1 Stars
Publicly accessible

TEAMER AquaHarmonics High Fidelity WEC Sim PTO and Control Model Validation, Test Logs and Results

Collaborative effort between AquaHarmonics, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to revise and validate Aquaharmonics' full wave to wire model, allowing for reduced uncertainty and increased understanding of design requirements of...
Hagmuller, A. et al AquaHarmonics, Inc.
Dec 16, 2021
9 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible
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