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"demand model"×

Maximum demand charge rates for commercial and industrial electricity tariffs in the United States

NREL has assembled a list of U.S. retail electricity tariffs and their associated demand charge rates for the Commercial and Industrial sectors. The data was obtained from the Utility Rate Database. Keep the following information in mind when interpreting the data: (1) These data ...
McLaren, J. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Sep 19, 2017
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

GeoVision: Harnessing the Heat Beneath Our Feet Analysis Inputs and Results

This submission includes input and results data from analysis done as part of the Geothermal Technology Office's Geothermal Vision Study (GeoVision). The submission includes data for both analysis of the electricity sector and the heating and cooling sector. For the electricity se...
Geothermal Technologies Office, U. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Sep 30, 2019
16 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

H2@Scale Hydrogen Economic Potential Supply and Demand Locations

This data release provides estimates of hydrogens economic potential for possible hydrogen applications and production technologies by geographic location for various scenarios, as described in "The Technical and Economic Potential of the H2@Scale Concept within the United States"...
Ruth, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Oct 01, 2020
5 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Performance Analysis of a Stirling Engine Hybrid Power System

This project presents the performance analysis of a photovoltaic (PV)/Stirling battery system in terms of energy efficiency, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability. The analysis includes the dynamic start-up and cooling phases of the system, and then compares its p...
Zabalaga, P. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Dec 20, 2019
7 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

H2@Scale Concept Hydrogen Demand and Resources

The H2@Scale concept involves hydrogen as an energy intermediate. Hydrogen can be produced from various conventional and renewable energy sources including as a responsive load on the electric grid. Hydrogen has many current applications and many more potential applications, such ...
Ruth, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Oct 01, 2020
5 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Oilwell Conversion (Well API 121913310501) to Geothermal Heat Storage Well for Flexible Electricity Storage

Geothermal growth is limited by a lack of geographically dispersed high-temperature thermal resources and high initial upfront investment in characterization and well construction. This project intended to address the challenges of energy supply intermittency and enhance grid resi...
Malkewicz, N. et al University of Illinois
May 05, 2021
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Geometric, structural, and control co-design for undersea kites

Focusing on a marine hydrokinetic energy application, this paper presents a combined geometric, structural, and control co-design framework for optimizing the performance of energy-harvesting kites subject to structural constraints. While energy-harvesting kites can offer more tha...
Vermillion, C. et al North Carolina State University
Sep 14, 2020
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Industrial Process Heat Demand Characterization

This data set is an expansion of the facility-level process heat survey conducted by McMillan et al. 2015 https//doi.org/10.2172/1334495. Using the same methodology annual facility combustion energy use was calculated from emissions data reported to U.S. Environmental Protection A...
McMillan, C. and Ruth, M. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jul 25, 2025
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

City and County Vehicle Inventories

This light-duty vehicle inventory dataset provides information on vehicle registrations by vehicle type (car vs. truck), fuel type, and model year showing the changes in adoption trends over time and average fuel economies. This data is part of a suite of state and local energy ...
Day, M. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Dec 21, 2019
4 Resources
1 Stars
Publicly accessible

Electrification Futures Study Demand-side Scenarios report figure data

The file includes the data for figures in the Electrification Futures Study demand-side scenarios report. Additional information on the data can be found in the report.
Mai, T. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jun 26, 2018
1 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

FERC Form 1 Electric Utility Cost, Energy Sales, Peak Demand, and Customer Count Data 1994-2019

This spreadsheet contains information reported by over 200 investor-owned utilities to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission in the annual filing FERC Form 1 for the years 1994-2019. It contains 1) annual capital costs for new transmission, distribution, and administrative infr...
Fares, R. and King, C. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Jan 04, 2017
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Electrification Futures Study Flexible Load Profiles

This data set includes hourly profiles for flexible load developed for the Electrification Futures Study (EFS). The load profiles represent projected end-use electricity demand that is assumed to be flexible (i.e., can be shifted throughout a day) for various scenarios of flexibil...
Jadun, P. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Feb 04, 2020
3 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Electric Transit Bus Depots in the United States

Hourly one-week electricity demand profiles for electric transit bus depots in the United States, as described in Liu et al. (2025).Please cite as:Liu, Bo, Tim Jonas, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Electric Transit Bus Depots in the Uni...
Liu, B. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
May 12, 2025
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Big Box Retail Grocery Store and Electric Vehicle Station Load Profiles

This dataset includes yearlong, one-minute resolution time series profiles for the big box retail grocery stores stores simulated in Phoenix, Houston, Denver, and Minneapolis, as well as electric vehicle charging time series profiles for the various ports, charging levels, and sta...
Gilleran, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Oct 22, 2021
3 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Opportunities for Solar for Industrial Process Heat in the United States

Figure data for report on opportunities for solar technologies to provide industrial process heat in the United States (NREL/TP-6A20-77760).
McMillan, C. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Dec 24, 2020
22 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

End-Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock

The United States is embarking on an ambitious transition to a 100% clean energy economy by 2050, which will require improving the flexibility of electric grids. One way to achieve grid flexibility is to shed or shift demand to align with changing grid needs. To facilitate this, i...
Wilson, E. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Oct 14, 2021
8 Resources
3 Stars
Publicly accessible

Control Strategies to Reduce the Energy Consumption of Central Domestic Hot Water Systems

Domestic hot water (DHW) is the second-largest energy end use in U.S. buildings; it is exceeded only by space conditioning. In this study, the U.S. Department of Energy's Building America research team Advanced Research Integrated Energy Solutions installed and tested two types o...
Dentz, J. et al The Levy Partnership, Inc Systems Building Research Alliance
Apr 27, 2016
3 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Technoeconomics of Transported Geothermal Energy

This data set was used to calculate the technical potential and economic feasibility of transported geothermal energy, according to the methodology outlined in the final report included below.
Liu, X. et al Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Aug 10, 2016
2 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Small Office

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Small Office" for each of the 16 climate zo...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Supermarket

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Supermarket" for each of the 16 climate zon...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Warehouse

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Warehouse" for each of the 16 climate zones...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Midrise Apartment

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Midrise Apartment" for each of the 16 clima...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Secondary School

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Secondary School" for each of the 16 climat...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Primary School

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Primary School" for each of the 16 climate ...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible

Commercial Reference Building: Strip Mall

Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus (see "About EnergyPlus" resource link) simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type "Strip Mall" for each of the 16 climate zone...
Deru, M. et al National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Nov 25, 2014
8 Resources
0 Stars
Publicly accessible
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