U.S. Agrivoltaics Irradiance Database
This is a foundational data set for research and deployment of agrivoltaics, which is the co-location of agriculture and solar power plants on the same land. This irradiance and shading dataset can be utilized to determine the suitability of agrivoltaics configurations for a given region and crop-type. The data is hourly, 4x4 km resolution across the contiguous United States and Hawaii. It is calculated from the National Solar Radiation Database sites, using the System Advisor Model (SAM) to simulate the shading patterns for 10 common agrivoltaics configurations. Sunlight availability data is reported for 10 locations on the ground between adjacent rows of solar panels, as well as averaged across areas of interest such as the average irradiance in the edge-to-edge open area or across 3-6 planting beds. Other available metrics include the input meteorological data from the NSRDB (e.g. global horizontal irradiance, wind speed, etc.) and estimates for comparing energy and agricultural characteristic across the 10 configurations, including power output per acre or per kW installed capacity and farmable land area per acre.
Citation Formats
TY - DATA
AB - This is a foundational data set for research and deployment of agrivoltaics, which is the co-location of agriculture and solar power plants on the same land. This irradiance and shading dataset can be utilized to determine the suitability of agrivoltaics configurations for a given region and crop-type. The data is hourly, 4x4 km resolution across the contiguous United States and Hawaii. It is calculated from the National Solar Radiation Database sites, using the System Advisor Model (SAM) to simulate the shading patterns for 10 common agrivoltaics configurations. Sunlight availability data is reported for 10 locations on the ground between adjacent rows of solar panels, as well as averaged across areas of interest such as the average irradiance in the edge-to-edge open area or across 3-6 planting beds. Other available metrics include the input meteorological data from the NSRDB (e.g. global horizontal irradiance, wind speed, etc.) and estimates for comparing energy and agricultural characteristic across the 10 configurations, including power output per acre or per kW installed capacity and farmable land area per acre.
AU - Ovaitt, Silvana
A2 - Ford, Tobin
A3 - Lepley, Kai
A4 - Fields, Hanna
A5 - Doubleday, Kate
A6 - Kinzer, Austin
A7 - Macknick, Jordan
DB - Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI)
DP - Open EI | National Laboratory of the Rockies
DO - 10.25984/3363762
KW - energy
KW - power
KW - agrivoltaics
KW - irradiance
KW - natural resource
KW - open source software
KW - agriculture
KW - solar
KW - solar power
KW - shading
KW - data
KW - dataset
KW - United States
KW - Hawaii
KW - CONUS
KW - NSRDB
KW - SAM
KW - processed data
LA - English
DA - 2025/11/05
PY - 2025
PB - National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR)
T1 - U.S. Agrivoltaics Irradiance Database
UR - https://doi.org/10.25984/3363762
ER -
Ovaitt, Silvana, et al. U.S. Agrivoltaics Irradiance Database. National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR), 5 November, 2025, Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI). https://doi.org/10.25984/3363762.
Ovaitt, S., Ford, T., Lepley, K., Fields, H., Doubleday, K., Kinzer, A., & Macknick, J. (2025). U.S. Agrivoltaics Irradiance Database. [Data set]. Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI). National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR). https://doi.org/10.25984/3363762
Ovaitt, Silvana, Tobin Ford, Kai Lepley, Hanna Fields, Kate Doubleday, Austin Kinzer, and Jordan Macknick. U.S. Agrivoltaics Irradiance Database. National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR), November, 5, 2025. Distributed by Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI). https://doi.org/10.25984/3363762
@misc{OEDI_Dataset_8568,
title = {U.S. Agrivoltaics Irradiance Database},
author = {Ovaitt, Silvana and Ford, Tobin and Lepley, Kai and Fields, Hanna and Doubleday, Kate and Kinzer, Austin and Macknick, Jordan},
abstractNote = {This is a foundational data set for research and deployment of agrivoltaics, which is the co-location of agriculture and solar power plants on the same land. This irradiance and shading dataset can be utilized to determine the suitability of agrivoltaics configurations for a given region and crop-type. The data is hourly, 4x4 km resolution across the contiguous United States and Hawaii. It is calculated from the National Solar Radiation Database sites, using the System Advisor Model (SAM) to simulate the shading patterns for 10 common agrivoltaics configurations. Sunlight availability data is reported for 10 locations on the ground between adjacent rows of solar panels, as well as averaged across areas of interest such as the average irradiance in the edge-to-edge open area or across 3-6 planting beds. Other available metrics include the input meteorological data from the NSRDB (e.g. global horizontal irradiance, wind speed, etc.) and estimates for comparing energy and agricultural characteristic across the 10 configurations, including power output per acre or per kW installed capacity and farmable land area per acre.},
url = {https://data.openei.org/submissions/8568},
year = {2025},
howpublished = {Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI), National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR), https://doi.org/10.25984/3363762},
note = {Accessed: 2026-10-19},
doi = {10.25984/3363762}
}
https://dx.doi.org/10.25984/3363762
Details
Data from Nov 5, 2025
Last updated Feb 20, 2026
Submitted Nov 21, 2025
Organization
National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR)
Contact
Silvana Ovaitt
Authors
Research Areas
Keywords
energy, power, agrivoltaics, irradiance, natural resource, open source software, agriculture, solar, solar power, shading, data, dataset, United States, Hawaii, CONUS, NSRDB, SAM, processed dataDOE Project Details
Project Name InSPIRE
Project Number 52944

