Utah FORGE: Fault Shear Reactivation Experimental Data for Fluid Injection-Rate Controls on Seismic Moment
Included are experimental data recorded from shear experiments that specifically explore the link between fluid-injection rate and seismic moment resulting from shear reactivation of laboratory faults. Raw mechanical data from three experiments are included alongside corresponding MATLAB scripts that import and plot the data, as well as use it to calculate shear and normal stress.
Experiments are performed on 2.5-3 inch long granitoid cores from the Utah FORGE EGS demonstration site, containing a single inclined fracture with small-scale roughness added to the fracture surface. The raw data included here were recorded from an aluminum triaxial pressure vessel (TEMCO) configured with three independent servo-controlled pumps, with distilled water used as the working fluid. The pumps control confining pressure, upstream pore pressure, and axial pressure, with each pump connected to a LabView interface to record applied pressures, cumulative injected water volumes, and pump flow rates. The downstream outlet from the fracture is closed to allow pressurization, which is measured by an external pressure transducer. A linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) attached to the axial piston measures axial displacement, from which we calculate shear displacement along the fracture. Additionally, P-wave transducers are used to record acoustic signatures, where acoustic emission events and maximum amplitudes are compared against seismic moment and shear slip velocity.
Fluid injection rates range between 0.05 mL/min, 0.25 mL/min, and 0.75 mL/min for each experiment. Along-fault pressure distributions are progressively less uniform as injection rates increase, representing a switch from steady-state to transient conditions. Triggered shear displacement is used as a proxy for seismic moment and is indexed against cumulative injection volume and rate. Each experiment is performed under constant shear stress conditions, and the sample is fully saturated with DI water. Axial and confining stresses are applied to 3 MPa through pressure-stepping in 500 kPa increments. The pore pressure is held constant at 200 kPa prior to initiating the experiment, and initial axial displacement is recorded. The axial stress is then increased to initiate shear mobilization during the loading phase (run-in) until a peak steady state is achieved. The initial shear stress is reduced to approximately 80% of the peak shear stress by decreasing the axial stress, then held constant for the duration of each experiment.
Citation Formats
TY - DATA
AB - Included are experimental data recorded from shear experiments that specifically explore the link between fluid-injection rate and seismic moment resulting from shear reactivation of laboratory faults. Raw mechanical data from three experiments are included alongside corresponding MATLAB scripts that import and plot the data, as well as use it to calculate shear and normal stress.
Experiments are performed on 2.5-3 inch long granitoid cores from the Utah FORGE EGS demonstration site, containing a single inclined fracture with small-scale roughness added to the fracture surface. The raw data included here were recorded from an aluminum triaxial pressure vessel (TEMCO) configured with three independent servo-controlled pumps, with distilled water used as the working fluid. The pumps control confining pressure, upstream pore pressure, and axial pressure, with each pump connected to a LabView interface to record applied pressures, cumulative injected water volumes, and pump flow rates. The downstream outlet from the fracture is closed to allow pressurization, which is measured by an external pressure transducer. A linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) attached to the axial piston measures axial displacement, from which we calculate shear displacement along the fracture. Additionally, P-wave transducers are used to record acoustic signatures, where acoustic emission events and maximum amplitudes are compared against seismic moment and shear slip velocity.
Fluid injection rates range between 0.05 mL/min, 0.25 mL/min, and 0.75 mL/min for each experiment. Along-fault pressure distributions are progressively less uniform as injection rates increase, representing a switch from steady-state to transient conditions. Triggered shear displacement is used as a proxy for seismic moment and is indexed against cumulative injection volume and rate. Each experiment is performed under constant shear stress conditions, and the sample is fully saturated with DI water. Axial and confining stresses are applied to 3 MPa through pressure-stepping in 500 kPa increments. The pore pressure is held constant at 200 kPa prior to initiating the experiment, and initial axial displacement is recorded. The axial stress is then increased to initiate shear mobilization during the loading phase (run-in) until a peak steady state is achieved. The initial shear stress is reduced to approximately 80% of the peak shear stress by decreasing the axial stress, then held constant for the duration of each experiment.
AU - Roseboom, Matthew
A2 - Elsworth, Derek
A3 - Eijsink, Agathe
A4 - Yu, Jiayi
A5 - Marone, Chris
A6 - Shokouhi, Parisa
A7 - Riviere, Jacques
A8 - Wang, Junpeng
DB - Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI)
DP - Open EI | National Renewable Energy Laboratory
DO - 10.15121/2429443
KW - geothermal
KW - energy
KW - induced seismicity
KW - injection rate
KW - EGS
KW - seismic moment
KW - geomechanics
KW - geophysics
KW - Utah FORGE
KW - shear
KW - MATLAB
KW - shear experiments
KW - raw data
KW - code
KW - core experiment
KW - TEMCO
KW - confining pressure
KW - pore pressure
KW - axial pressure
KW - shear displacement
KW - fracture
KW - along-fault pressure
KW - constant shear stress
LA - English
DA - 2023/11/07
PY - 2023
PB - Pennsylvania State University
T1 - Utah FORGE: Fault Shear Reactivation Experimental Data for Fluid Injection-Rate Controls on Seismic Moment
UR - https://doi.org/10.15121/2429443
ER -
Roseboom, Matthew, et al. Utah FORGE: Fault Shear Reactivation Experimental Data for Fluid Injection-Rate Controls on Seismic Moment . Pennsylvania State University, 7 November, 2023, GDR. https://doi.org/10.15121/2429443.
Roseboom, M., Elsworth, D., Eijsink, A., Yu, J., Marone, C., Shokouhi, P., Riviere, J., & Wang, J. (2023). Utah FORGE: Fault Shear Reactivation Experimental Data for Fluid Injection-Rate Controls on Seismic Moment . [Data set]. GDR. Pennsylvania State University. https://doi.org/10.15121/2429443
Roseboom, Matthew, Derek Elsworth, Agathe Eijsink, Jiayi Yu, Chris Marone, Parisa Shokouhi, Jacques Riviere, and Junpeng Wang. Utah FORGE: Fault Shear Reactivation Experimental Data for Fluid Injection-Rate Controls on Seismic Moment . Pennsylvania State University, November, 7, 2023. Distributed by GDR. https://doi.org/10.15121/2429443
@misc{OEDI_Dataset_7695,
title = {Utah FORGE: Fault Shear Reactivation Experimental Data for Fluid Injection-Rate Controls on Seismic Moment },
author = {Roseboom, Matthew and Elsworth, Derek and Eijsink, Agathe and Yu, Jiayi and Marone, Chris and Shokouhi, Parisa and Riviere, Jacques and Wang, Junpeng},
abstractNote = {Included are experimental data recorded from shear experiments that specifically explore the link between fluid-injection rate and seismic moment resulting from shear reactivation of laboratory faults. Raw mechanical data from three experiments are included alongside corresponding MATLAB scripts that import and plot the data, as well as use it to calculate shear and normal stress.
Experiments are performed on 2.5-3 inch long granitoid cores from the Utah FORGE EGS demonstration site, containing a single inclined fracture with small-scale roughness added to the fracture surface. The raw data included here were recorded from an aluminum triaxial pressure vessel (TEMCO) configured with three independent servo-controlled pumps, with distilled water used as the working fluid. The pumps control confining pressure, upstream pore pressure, and axial pressure, with each pump connected to a LabView interface to record applied pressures, cumulative injected water volumes, and pump flow rates. The downstream outlet from the fracture is closed to allow pressurization, which is measured by an external pressure transducer. A linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) attached to the axial piston measures axial displacement, from which we calculate shear displacement along the fracture. Additionally, P-wave transducers are used to record acoustic signatures, where acoustic emission events and maximum amplitudes are compared against seismic moment and shear slip velocity.
Fluid injection rates range between 0.05 mL/min, 0.25 mL/min, and 0.75 mL/min for each experiment. Along-fault pressure distributions are progressively less uniform as injection rates increase, representing a switch from steady-state to transient conditions. Triggered shear displacement is used as a proxy for seismic moment and is indexed against cumulative injection volume and rate. Each experiment is performed under constant shear stress conditions, and the sample is fully saturated with DI water. Axial and confining stresses are applied to 3 MPa through pressure-stepping in 500 kPa increments. The pore pressure is held constant at 200 kPa prior to initiating the experiment, and initial axial displacement is recorded. The axial stress is then increased to initiate shear mobilization during the loading phase (run-in) until a peak steady state is achieved. The initial shear stress is reduced to approximately 80% of the peak shear stress by decreasing the axial stress, then held constant for the duration of each experiment.},
url = {https://gdr.openei.org/submissions/1625},
year = {2023},
howpublished = {GDR, Pennsylvania State University, https://doi.org/10.15121/2429443},
note = {Accessed: 2025-04-23},
doi = {10.15121/2429443}
}
https://dx.doi.org/10.15121/2429443
Details
Data from Nov 7, 2023
Last updated Aug 14, 2024
Submitted Aug 12, 2024
Organization
Pennsylvania State University
Contact
Matthew Roseboom
610.790.7402
Authors
Original Source
https://gdr.openei.org/submissions/1625Research Areas
Keywords
geothermal, energy, induced seismicity, injection rate, EGS, seismic moment, geomechanics, geophysics, Utah FORGE, shear, MATLAB, shear experiments, raw data, code, core experiment, TEMCO, confining pressure, pore pressure, axial pressure, shear displacement, fracture, along-fault pressure, constant shear stressDOE Project Details
Project Name Utah FORGE
Project Lead Lauren Boyd
Project Number EE0007080